With the development of composite material manufacturing technology, along with the deepening understanding and understanding of composite materials in the rail transit industry, as well as the technological progress of the rail transit vehicle manufacturing industry, the application scope of composite materials in rail transit vehicles has gradually expanded. The types, grades and technical levels of the composite materials used are also constantly improving.
The types of composite materials that have been used in rail transit vehicles include:
(1) Rigid and semi-rigid unsaturated polyester resin FRP;
(2) Phenolic resin glass fiber reinforced plastic;
(3) Reactive flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin FRP with high strength;
(4) Additive flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin glass fiber reinforced plastic with slightly lower strength;
(5) Carbon fiber material.
From the product points are:
(1) Hand lay-up FRP parts;
(2) Molded FRP parts;
(3) FRP parts of sandwich structure;
(4) Carbon fiber parts.
Application of FRP in Rail Transit Vehicles
1. Early application of FRP in rail transit vehicles
The application of FRP in rail transit vehicles began in the 1980s, and it was first used in domestically produced 140km/h low-speed electric trains. The scope of application mainly includes:
● inner wall panel;
● inner top plate;
● Assembled glass fiber reinforced plastic toilet;
The main application target at that time was Katsukiyogi. The type of FRP used is unsaturated polyester resin FRP.
2. Batch application of FRP on rail transit vehicles
The batch application of FRP on rail transit vehicles and its gradual maturity occurred in the 1990s. It is mainly used for the manufacture of railway passenger cars and urban rail vehicles:
The interior wall panel of the guest room;
●Inner top plate;
Assembled glass fiber reinforced plastic toilet;
Integral glass fiber reinforced plastic bathroom;
Integral glass fiber reinforced plastic washroom;
FRP air-conditioning duct, waste exhaust duct;
● Seat or seat frame.
At this time, the main application target has shifted from replacing wood to improving the grade of vehicles; the types of FRP used are still mainly unsaturated polyester resin FRP.
3. In recent years, the application of FRP in rail vehicles
Since the beginning of this century, FRP has been more widely used in rail transit vehicles. In addition to being used in the manufacture of the aforementioned various products, it is also widely used in the manufacture of:
●Roof shroud;
A new air duct on the roof;
●Various components with complex shapes in the car, including three-dimensional curved inner wall panels and side roof panels; cover panels of various special shapes; glass fiber reinforced plastic honeycomb wall panels; decorative parts.
The main goal of FRP application at this stage is to manufacture parts with special functional requirements or complex modeling requirements. In addition, the fire resistance of FRP applied in this stage has also been improved. Reactive and additive flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin FRP has been widely used, and the application of phenolic resin FRP has gradually decreased.
4. Application of FRP in high-speed EMU
The application of FRP in high-speed railway EMUs has really entered a mature stage. because:
(1) FRP is used in the manufacture of parts with special functions, complex shapes and structures, and excellent comprehensive performance that can withstand large loads, such as FRP integral streamlined fronts, front-end opening and closing mechanism modules, roof aerodynamic shrouds, etc. .
(2) Molded glass fiber reinforced plastic (SMC) has been widely used
The use of molded glass fiber reinforced plastic to manufacture high-speed EMU passenger interior wall panels in batches has the following advantages:
The dimensional accuracy of the parts is high;
●Manufacturing quality and product grade,
●Achieved lightweight;
●Suitable for engineering mass production.
(3) Improve the level of FRP applied in other parts
●It can be made into parts with various textures as needed;
The appearance quality is better, and the shape and dimension accuracy of the parts are higher;
●Surface color and pattern can be adjusted at the same time.
At this time, the application of FRP includes the realization of special functions and shapes, and higher-level goals such as bearing a certain load and light weight.
Post time: May-06-2022